Symptoms And Treatment Of Bipolar Disorder - 1125 Words

My patient has been diagnosed with several mental disorders. The major diagnosis would be bipolar disorder. She also suffers from borderline personality disorder, Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and anxiety. The American Psychiatric Association s Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder defines bipolar disorder as a recurrent mood disorder that includes periods of mania or mixed episodes of mania and depression (Murphy, 2012, p. 44-50). It was previously known as manic depressive disorder. It is most common in young adult hood. It usually affects people in their early twenties. Bipolar disorder does not prejudice any particular gender, age, or race. Bipolar disorder is a disorder that affects a person’s mood. The person’s mood changes from mania to depressive very rapidly. According to Depression and Bipolar Support Alliance (DBSA), bipolar disorder shortens a person’s life expectancy almost ten years, mainly due to suicide. It is ver y important to know what to look for in a client with bipolar disorder and how to keep those living with this condition safe (Depression and Bipolar Support Alliance [DBSA], n.d.). People living with bipolar have moods that change very quickly. Their mood fluctuate from manic to depressive. A manic episode is when a person is very upbeat and energetic. It is described as euphoria to those who have been in this phase of bipolar. It has been said to be the happiest mood a person can be in. This may not seem likeShow MoreRelatedBipolar Disorder : Symptoms And Treatment854 Words   |  4 Pagesmedical condition known as bipolar disorder. Bipolar disorder is when a person suffers from severe shifts in mood and energy. In most cases, bipolar disorder can be treated and people with the illness can live normal and productive lives with the help of medication and or therapy. Aiken, C. (2010). Family Experiences of Bipolar Disorder: The Ups, the Downs and the Bits in Between. Retrieved from Ebsco Host. In this book the author discusses her own dealings with Bipolar Disorder. She goes on to say howRead MoreSymptoms And Treatment Of Bipolar Disorder1489 Words   |  6 PagesDiego City College Bipolar disorder, also called manic-depressive disorder, is a disease that affects thousands of people all over the United States of America. According to Sarris (2011) approximately 1-2% of adults will be affected by bipolar disorder in their lifetime. While some individuals may go undiagnosed, the prevalence percentage can raise to as much as 4% when including milder subclinical presentations (Sarris, 2011). Bipolar disorder can cause severe dysfunction in theRead MoreBipolar Disorder Treatments : Symptoms And Symptoms2309 Words   |  10 Pages Bipolar Disorder Treatments Kelly Miazga Metropolitan State University December 8th 2014 â€Æ' Bipolar disorder treatments Introduction Bipolar disorder, also known as manic depression or bipolar affective disorder is a mood disorder where the patient experiences episodes of extreme highs known as mania and extreme lows known as depression. Periods of mania and depression vary per person. A person who is displaying a manic episode shows typical symptoms of elevated mood, extreme happiness or irritabilityRead MoreBipolar Disorder : Symptoms And Treatment2115 Words   |  9 Pages Bipolar Disorder The Bipolar disorder or you can call it manic depression, it is a often diagnosed and draining frame or state of mind disorder which causes huge shifts in temperament and frame of mind. The word bipolar means that the two main polar extremes in which a person with the disorder experiences. According a part of the National Institutes of Health that watches over neurological and psychological research this disorder affects about 2.1 million adultsRead MoreSymptoms And Treatment Of Bipolar Disorder963 Words   |  4 Pagesthat goes by we hear someone being labeled as bipolar or another celebrity is getting diagnosed as being bipolar after their spurts of erratic behavior. I had to ask the question, does anyone really know what it means to be bipolar? Bipolar disorder, also known as manic-depressive illness, is a brain disorder that causes unusual shifts in mood, energy, activity levels, and the ability to carry out day-to-day tasks (NIMH). Suffering from bipolar disorder can mean su ffering from drastic changes in moodRead MoreSymptoms And Treatment Of Bipolar Disorder1274 Words   |  6 Pagesconclusion, Ben Tang was diagnosed with bipolar II disorder indicated by DSM-5 at age 47. He experienced symptoms such as feeling depressed, suicidal thoughts, and worthlessness in depressive episodes. He experienced symptoms such as racing mind, trouble falling asleep, and committing reckless behaviors in hypomanic episodes. It can be challenging to live with bipolar disorder because the symptoms can be hard to deal with. There are several ways to manage bipolar disorder, include medications, support groupRead MoreSymptoms And Treatment Of Bipolar Disorder1220 Words   |  5 PagesThe history of bipolar disorder is perhaps just as complex as the condition itself. Bipolar is highly recognized as a treatable disorder. The more we learn about bipolar disorder, the more people may be able to receive the help that they need. Centuries passed and little new was discovered about bipolar disorder until French psychiatrist Jean-Pierre Falret published an article in 1851 describing what he called â€Å"la folie circulaire,† which translates to circular insanity. The article details peopleRead MoreSymptoms And Treatment Of Bipolar Disorder762 Words   |  4 Pages Bipolar Disorder 2 Disorder history, In the 19th century psychiatry, mania had a broad meaning of craziness, hypomania was equated by some concepts of â€Å"partial insanity† or monomania. Bipolar disorder origins in 1854, Jules Baillarger and Jean-Pierre Falret, independently present descriptions of the disorder to Academie de Medicine in Paris. German neuropsychiatrist Emanuel Mendel in 1881 wrote â€Å"that heRead MoreSymptoms And Treatment Of Bipolar Disorder1442 Words   |  6 Pagesmental illness. For example, manic depressive illness, or bipolar disorder, is a cognitive disease which affects â€Å"about 2.6% of the U.S. population† every year (DBSA). Along with the vast number of patients stricken with bipolar, are also a plethora of symptoms, with researchers and patients reporting, â€Å"unusual shifts in mood, energy, activity levels, and (an inability) to carry out day-to-day tasks† (NIMH). Along with the symptoms of bipolar are several factors that contribute to the presence of theRead MoreSymptoms And Treatment Of Bipolar Disorder1458 Words   |  6 Pagesillness, a mood disorder called Bipolar Disorder, happens to be an illness that 1% of the population has been diagnosed with. It is equally found in both women and men and is usually diagnosed within someone’s teen years or early adulthood. After the disorder is diagnosed, it is imperative that treatment with medication and various types of therapy are incorporated into the patient’s lives (Fast 2006). Bipolar disorder has two types. Both are the same in severity but the symptoms occur differently

Drugs that can relieve depression Free Essays

string(309) " female who has pioneered functional function of the down encephalon at the University of Texas Health Sciences Center in San Antonio and John Hopkins University School of Medicine, she has realized that interventions take different route within the encephalon, but they finally arrive at the same reference\." Drugs that can alleviate depression Introduction Drugs such as Paxil, Zoloft, and Prozac can alleviate depression by increasing the degrees of both norepinephrine and 5-hydroxytryptamine. However, repeated cardiovascular exercising such as running can besides assist relieve depression ( Myers, 2001 ) . Yet, these interventions may merely work temporarily. We will write a custom essay sample on Drugs that can relieve depression or any similar topic only for you Order Now Deep encephalon stimulation is a radical technology-electrodes are implanted in the encephalon and attached to a battery in the thorax that emits low-tension electrical currents-that promises to be an of import tool for relieving human agony ( Talan, 2009 ) . More than 40,000 patients around the universe have undergone deep encephalon stimulation. Most have experienced singular betterment, and intelligence of the successes has been reported widely. Yet between the encephalon and device are ambuscades and challenges less frequently captured, and they are important to a clearer apprehension of what physicians and scientists mean by a â€Å" discovery † ( Talan, 2009 ) . Medical Electricity History It is amazing to observe that worlds have possessed the ability to use electricity to impact a individual ‘s province of head: in the text of if they are active or inactive. What is even more dumbfounding is the fact that electricity has really been used for a long clip. Literature dictates the fact that a physician from Rome used the unconditioned electricity from certain types of fish to assist comfort trouble off ( Kuhfeld, 1995 ) . Furthemore, scientists such as Benjamin Franklin have besides experimented with electricity. Hence, society is cognizant of how electricity can aide us in the medical field ; we know merely how blameworthy it is. However, scientists lack the cognition of lawfully cognizing how the electricity is able to effectual and if it is a safe path to travel to. History of Deep Brain Stimulation One of the first dramatic associations between depression and Parkinson ‘s emerged rather by accident. In 2001, a Gallic doctor and scientist, Yves Agid, reported in the New England Journal of Medicine that electrical stimulation of the subthalamic karyon by chance turned on nearby nervus fibres that connect to the limbic system, the web of encephalon countries that control temper. In one patient with Parkinson ‘s disease, deep encephalon stimulation triggered an overpowering feeling of unhappiness and desperation. It went off when the stimulator was turned off. A CAT scan showed that the electrode was located near to the subthalamic karyon, really in the substantia nigger ( Talan, 2009 ) . Historically DBS has been found most effectual against hurting, depression, and symptoms of Parkinson ‘s disease, including shudder and dystonia. The curative marks are really similar to, and seem to be fueled by the earlier consequences of medical electricity ( Talan, 2009 ) . Medical electricity, at the heals of DBS, appears to the be at the threshold of a medical discovery ( Kringelbach, Jenkinson, A ; Owen, 2007 ) . Causes of Depression ( Biological Perspective ) Familial Influences It is known that temper upsets, peculiarly major depressive upset, runs in households. If one ‘s akin or parent has been depressed, one is more susceptible to undertaking the upset by genetic sciences. Genes act by directing biochemical events that, down the line, influence behaviour ( Myers, 2001 ) . Although the existent cistron has non yet been isolated, multiple surveies corroborate this fact such as the instance survey of Charles Whitman. Both his male parent and gramps experienced drawn-out periods of major depressive upset, therefore accounting genetic sciences from the male side of his household tree for his exhibition of depression at an early age. This would finally burgeon into him floging out his desperation onto others by the agencies of slaughter at the UT tower in Austin, Texas ( Lavergne, 1998 ) . Depressed Brain Depression is caused by a chemical instability of the neurotransmitters-messenger molecules that transport signals to the nervus cells. Serotonin affects temper, hungriness, slumber and rousing. Norepinephrine helps command watchfulness and rousing. Both norepinephrine and 5-hydroxytryptamine are scarce during depression. When low, they wholly alter the encephalon chemical science ( Myers, 2001, p.550 ) . [ 1 ] Partss of the Brain Are Affected The limbic constructions [ 2 ] that modulate temper provender into the frontal cerebral mantle, the striate body, the thalamus, the hypothalamus, and the encephalon root. These parts talk to one another all the clip ; therefore, jobs in the circuit could take to hard thought, attending, temper, and behaviour. Scientists found that these circuits-particularly a overactive web of encephalon cells in the subjenual cingulated part, besides called the Brodmann country 25-are abnormally hyperactive in people with depression. Amygdala In the limbic system, two amygdaliform nervous bunchs, called the amygdaloid nucleus, influence aggression and fright. Hypothalamus and Pituitary Gland Although it is non unequivocal that both of these constructions have a direct correlativity to major depressive upset, since both of these constructions deal with endocrine degrees it is noted that when these degrees are increased, a down province in maintained for a longer sum of clip ( Harvard Medical School, 2007 ) . How Nerve cells Communicate Signals reach a nerve cell ‘s axon terminal, and from at that place, the message is relayed to the designated country of the organic structure from that axon ( Myers, 2001 ) . As stated antecedently, both norepinephirne and 5-hydroxytryptamine are significantly low in down patients. [ 3 ] ( Carter, 1998 ; Myers, 2001 ) . Treatments of Major Depressive Disorder ( Biological Perspective ) Particular drugs such as Paxil, Zoloft, and Prozac can alleviate depression by barricading their re-uptake therefore increasing the degrees of both norepinephrine and 5-hydroxytryptamine. However, repeated cardiovascular exercising such as running releases endorphins and increases the sum of 5-hydroxytryptamine the blood stream that besides helps relieve depression ( Myers, 2001 ) . Yet, these interventions may merely work temporarily for some sick persons. Since leukotomies are no longer practiced, persons with major depressive upset merely abide by his or her medicine modus operandi or can undergo VNS ( vagus nervus stimulation ) is combined with the cardinal construct of deep encephalon stimulation to breathe electrical currents to the ventromedial cerebral mantle, the centre to a great extent involved in positive support and feelings of pleasance ( Talan, 2009 ) . Harmonizing to Helen Mayberg, a adult female who has pioneered functional function of the down encephalon at the University of Texas Health Sciences Center in San Antonio and John Hopkins University School of Medicine, she has realized that interventions take different route within the encephalon, but they finally arrive at the same reference. You read "Drugs that can relieve depression" in category "Essay examples" That is why people with depression could acquire better many different ways, even with a placebo pill ( Talan, 2009 ) . Stimulating the web of the limbic system affects motive, societal interaction, the ability to see pleasance and anxiousness. One frequently hears people say that the room looks brighter, that a weight has lifted, when the simulators are tested during the surgery of deep encephalon stimulation ( Talan, 2009 ) . When interventions work, the activity of the limbic system webs appears to return to normal. It makes sense that the so many encephalon countries are involved in depression, which is non merely negative temper. Peoples lose their motive to acquire out of bed, to work, to love. They have jobs paying attending and believing clearly. Their feeding and kiping spiels â€Å" are manner off-kitler † ( Talan, 2009, p. 82 ) . How Deep Brain Stimulation Works The basic thought behind deep encephalon stimulation and how it operates is by engrafting electrodes into the encephalon near the subthalamic karyon, and so engrafting a battery in the thorax of the patient. By making so, the sawbones can externally command the battery to breathe peculiar electromotive forces of pulsations the encephalon so it can, hopefully, aim the encephalon where it is most affected. Although in some patients it is necessary to replace the battery every six months since it is hard to find the right battery accustomed for each patient, the success rate is swimmingly above 50 per centum, therefore demoing outstanding possible and procedure in the distant hereafter. Case Study of Deanna Cole-Benjamin Deanna Cole-Benjamin, a public wellness nurse, was the 6th patient at the University of Toronto to undergo deep encephalon stimulation for terrible and grim depression. Virtually every antidepressant on the market, every bit good as 80 unit of ammunitions of electroconvulsive therapy therapy, had failed her. â€Å" It was worse than being dead in a manner † ( Talan, 2009, p. 83 ) said Cole-Benjamin. Her self-destructive ideas and actions had led to four old ages in and out of the Kingston Psychiatric Hospital. Cole-Benjamin was so deeply ill that she could hardly speak. When the sawbones who operated on her turned up the device to excite the first contact, nil happened. When he turned up the stimulation more, the patient described a brighter feeling. When he turned it off, she fell rather once more and thought possibly it was merely her imaginativeness ( Talan, 2009 ) . Within a few hebdomads, the symptoms that had plagued Cole-Benjamin for four old ages were significantly decreased. Before her surgery, she told her sawbones that she wanted to be able to embrace her kids and to experience their heat and love. Finally, after twelvemonth of concealing under her screens, she could embrace her kids and experience deep pleasance ( Talan, 2009 ) . Case Study of Melissa Murphy Depression had landed in Murphy ‘s life with no warning two twelvemonth earlier, when the merrily married and successful public dealingss executive got up from her desk on a warm summer afternoon, walked out of her office, and ne’er returned. She went place and cried, and she had no thought why. Other than for an occasional physician ‘s assignment, she did non lavish or dress for the outside universe for months. Her hubby, Scott, had taken a occupation in Boston and she had remained in Chicago. For a piece, she kept up visual aspect on the phone with Scott. Deeply, distressingly depressed, she remained in this asleep province until October, when Scot traveled to Chicago, packed her up, and moved her back E ( Talan, 2009 ) . By so, Murphy ‘s weight had dropped below one hundred lbs. Neither the healers he saw four times a hebdomad nor all the medical specialty she took for months on terminal helped her. Recognizing how bad things truly were, her household arranged for her to undergo electroconvulsive therapy therapy, but despite 17 sessions-to both sides of the brain- † Nothing made a dent † ( Talan, 2009, p. 86 ) Murphy recalled. Finally she became self-destructive. One twenty-four hours she swallowed an full month ‘s supply of the anti-anxiety drug Konopin. She would fire herself with coffin nails to see what if felt like. She took kitchen knives to cut her carpuss ( Talan, 2009 ) . By the clip Murphy showed up at Dougherty ‘s office, she had been treated by six other head-shrinkers. He looked at a sum-up of all interventions and thought about seeking vagus nervus stimulation, which late had been approved for treatment-resistant depression. The pneumogastric nervus starts at the encephalon root and descends to the cervix, thorax, and venters. It helps in feeling aortal blood force per unit area, decelerating bosom rate, exciting digestive variety meats, and pull offing gustatory sensation. Studies show that the nervus undertakings to some countries of the encephalon associated with depression, and for still unexplained grounds, exciting it seems to raise temper in about a 3rd of patients. Surgeons thread a wire into the cervix, wrap it around the nervus, and connect the wire to a battery-operated pacesetter in the thorax. However, she was excessively ill for even vagus nervus stimulation ( Talan, 2009 ) . Potato became the 10th patient to undergo deep encephalon stimulation in the Cleveland, Brown, and Harvard coaction ( Talan, 2009 ) . Three hebdomads after the operation, Greenberg turned on the batteries and began programming the device. Melissa Murphy laughed for the firs clip in old ages. During Murphy ‘s scheduling with Greenberg, she remembers experiencing a haste of warm blood throughout her organic structure right before she laughed. When the stimulator was turned off, the heat was gone ( Talan, 2009 ) . Programing is portion art, portion scientific discipline. Murphy ‘s initial scene was four Vs on each side, and it was subsequently increased to eight Vs. The alteration was slow and steady, and the battery seemed to necessitate altering every six moths-each alteration intending another twenty-four hours of surgery to open up Murphy ‘s thorax and faux pas in a new hitter ( Talan, 2009 ) . Deep encephalon stimulation turned out to be something less than the instant remedy that Murphy hoped it would be. â€Å" I thought one time they turned it on I would be better right manner, but it has take a batch longer than I thought † ( Talan, 2009, p.89 ) Murphy said. She still has great hard with concentration, memory, and believing clearly. Doctors kept records of these symptoms because it was possible that they were side effects of the device itself ( Talan, 2009 ) . Decision The human encephalon has a long history of entering memory and temper, and it will take more than merely one chink of a button and a bend of a dial to acquire people better. Therefore, it is non yet clear what deep encephalon stimulation is really making at the web degree. Mayberg believes that this depression web is hyperactive, but squads of scientists have shown that stimulation activates end product from the encephalon web involved in depression. Harmonizing to Jerry Vitek, soon at the Cleveland Clinic, stimulation non merely activates the end product from the stirred construction but besides changes the form of neural activity from a noisy, helter-skelter signal to a more regular 1. Vitek believes that this may be the key to how it works, but notes that much remains to be done to understand the effects on the web and how it may alter with long-run stimulation. In 2008, deep encephalon stimulation for depression was still really much an experimental process, and the mechanisms underlying the clinical alteration in patients remained a enigma. Extra old ages of surveies and punctilious analysis of the consequences are necessary to reason a definite consequence so DBS can finally assist some of the patients whom head-shrinkers have been unable to handle conventionally. [ 1 ] Appendix B depicts a Favored scan of the difference between a down and normal encephalon. [ 2 ] Appendix C is a labelled image of the Basal Ganglia, which includes limbic system. [ 3 ] Appendix F shows the different tracts Dopastat and serotonin return in the encephalon. How to cite Drugs that can relieve depression, Essay examples

1984 George Orwell Essay Example For Students

1984 George Orwell Essay George Orwell is one of the most famous authors of all times. He led a hard life, And fought a serious illness which eventually killed him. He has a wide variety of works. Some of the most famous works are Animal Farm and 1984. There is three evident Characteristics contained in his works, These are: simplification in his stories, sympathy for the working class, and using his own life experiences. George Orwell was a famous author who wrote many novels and essays. His real name was Eric Author Blair. He was born in Motihari near to Bengal, India on June 25 19031. He was born in a Lower upper middle class family2. A few years after Orwells birth his family moved to England, where he received conventional upbringing.3In July 1936 George Orwell and his wife, Eileen Nee OShaugnessy joined in fighting for political beliefs in the Spanish Civil War. They joined a small Marxist group called P.O.U.M. Orwell wrote several books about the experiences that accrued during this time. These books are considered some of the most well documented writings of the war. When WWII came around Orwell enlisted in the British army, but was turned down. Instead of fighting on the front line he headed the Indian service of the Britinnica British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) 4. In the spring of 1937, George Orwell was returning from the front line in Alcubierre with the BBC when he was wounded in the neck by a sniper bullet5. The wound left Orwell unable to talk, and partially paralyzed in one arm6. This was the beginning of Orwells decline in health, and the decline of his writing. A few years later he was diagnosed with tuberculosis, and died on January 21, 19507. The first characteristic that is evident in George Orwells writing is the simplification in his writing8. Orwell is often given credit for writing in a way that everyone can understand and relate to something9. A perfect example of his simplicity is in the book Animal Farm. The characters in this book are barnyard animals that represent people in the Russian Revolution. Orwells reason for using the barnyard animals was to make it easier for the less educated people to know what happened in the Russian Revolution. Another characteristic that is evident in Orwells writings is his sympathy for the working class. The book Coming Up for Air strongly stated Orwells views for the middle class people to revolt, and take over themselves10. The novel greatly emphasizes the need for the middle class to awaken from their semi-anesthesia and become aware of the political happenings around them11. This characteristic is also evident in Animal Farm. The farm animals (working class) are successful at overthrowing farmer Jones12. Another evident characteristic in Orwells writings is his use of his own life experiences. In Such, Such Were the Joys, a long essay; Orwell described his childhood as he was growing up13. Orwell received much criticism from the people in the book, because the way he described their traits and personalities14. Another book that was written about his own life experience was Down and Out in Paris. In this book he describes his life when he lived in the slums of Paris. Orwell arranged it in such a way that it seemed like it was fiction to most readers, but in fact it was real15. The book Animal Farm is a satire of the Russian reveloution16. The setting is in a small farm in England. The book starts with the eldest pig gathering all the other animals into a meeting, He talks about a dream of revolting against the farmer who is in charge. The animals lead a successful revolt, and then take charge of governing themselves. It starts off where all the animals are equal to each other. Then it changes to all animals are equal, but some are better than others. Finally it is changed to all animals are equal, but pigs are better than all of them. The symbolism in this novel is great, and every animal can be matched up to a key person in the Russian Revolution. .ua682d6904cd45acd2134aec1e5a5749d , .ua682d6904cd45acd2134aec1e5a5749d .postImageUrl , .ua682d6904cd45acd2134aec1e5a5749d .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ua682d6904cd45acd2134aec1e5a5749d , .ua682d6904cd45acd2134aec1e5a5749d:hover , .ua682d6904cd45acd2134aec1e5a5749d:visited , .ua682d6904cd45acd2134aec1e5a5749d:active { border:0!important; } .ua682d6904cd45acd2134aec1e5a5749d .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ua682d6904cd45acd2134aec1e5a5749d { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ua682d6904cd45acd2134aec1e5a5749d:active , .ua682d6904cd45acd2134aec1e5a5749d:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ua682d6904cd45acd2134aec1e5a5749d .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ua682d6904cd45acd2134aec1e5a5749d .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ua682d6904cd45acd2134aec1e5a5749d .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ua682d6904cd45acd2134aec1e5a5749d .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ua682d6904cd45acd2134aec1e5a5749d:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ua682d6904cd45acd2134aec1e5a5749d .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ua682d6904cd45acd2134aec1e5a5749d .ua682d6904cd45acd2134aec1e5a5749d-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ua682d6904cd45acd2134aec1e5a5749d:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Should Human Cloning Be Permitted? EssayThe aspect of simplification is very evident in the story Animal Farm. The whole plot of the story is describing what happened during the Russian Revolution17. Barnyard animals replace all of the characters. In this book Orwell shows the stupidity of some of the people involved. He also shows how easy it is to persuade people to believe in the things you want. The biggest aspect that Orwell puts through is that all revolutions fail, and there is always corruption18. Another aspect of Orwells writing that is very apparent is his sympathy to the working class19. In the novel Animal Farm, Orwell wrote it in a way so that the less educat ed could understand it. In the book Down and Out in Paris he wrote vivid pictures to make people aware of life in the slums20. This book also encouraged people to help out the less fortunate. Orwell often spoke out against political officers, and their actions that took advantage of the lower class people. Again the book Animal Farm is a good example of this trait. The whole book is speaking out against the Russian Revolution. It shows what went on during this period so the people could prevent this from happening again. One of Orwells most widely used style is taking his own life experiences and putting them into his stories. In an essay Such, Such Were the Joys is really describing the experiences he went through while he was in elementary school21. Another fine example of this trait is in Down and Out in Paris. In this book Orwell talks about the experiences he had while living in the slums of Paris22. The writing in this book is so vivid, that many people thought that it was fictional when they first read it. Many people and critics do not think of Orwell as a serious author. They think of his work as fiction, and not meant to be taken literally. But due to Orwells use of simplification, sympathy for the working class, and using his own life experiences makes no doubt that he was one of the most unique author of our time.

Thinking, Language, And Intelligence Essays - Sociolinguistics

Thinking, Language, And Intelligence Kristine Thornton Southern Technical College Dr. Andrea Goldstein We are surrounded by language during nearly every waking moment of our lives. We use language to communicate our thoughts and feelings, to connect with others and identify with our culture, and to understand the world around us. And for many people, this rich linguistic environment involves not just one language but two or more. In fact, the majority of the world's p opulation is bilingual or multilingual. In a survey conducted by the European Commission in 2006, 56 percent of respondents reported being able to speak in a language other than their mother tongue. In many countries that percentage is even higherfor inst ance, 99 percent of Luxembourgers and 95 percent of Latvians speak more than one language. Even in the United States, which is widely considered to be monolingual, one-fifth of those over the age of five reported speaking a language other than English at h ome in 2007, an increase of 140 percent since 1980. Millions of Americans use a language other than En glish in their everyday lives outside of the home, when they are at work or in the classroom. Europe and the United States are not alone, either. The Ass ociated Press reports that up to 66 percent of the world's children are raised bilingual. Over the past few decades, technological advances have allowed researchers to peer deeper into the brain to investigate how bilingualism interacts with and changes th e cognitive and neurological systems. Research has overwhelmingly shown that when a bilingual person uses one language, the other is active at the same time. When a person hears a word, he or she doesn't hear the entire word all at once: the sounds arrive in sequential order. Long before the word is finished, the brain's language system begins to guess what that word might be by activating lots of words that match the signal. If you hear "can," you will likely activate words like "candy" and "candle" as we ll, at least during the earlier stages of word recognition. For bilingual people, this activation is not limited to a single language; auditory input activates corresponding words regardless of the language to which they belong. Some of the most compellin g evidence for language co-activation comes from studying eye movements. We tend to look at things that we are thinking, talking, or hearing about. A Russian-English bilingual person asked to "pick up a marker" from a set of objects would look more at a s tamp than someone who doesn't know Russian, because the Russian word for "stamp," " marka ," sounds like the English word he or she heard, "marker." In cases like this, language co-activation occurs because what the listener hears could map onto words in eit her language. Furthermore, language co-activation is so automatic that people consider words in both languages even without overt similarity. For example, when Chinese-English bilingual people judge how alike two English words are in meaning, their brain r esponses are affected by whether or not the Chinese translations of those words are written similarly. Even though the task does not require the bilingual people to engage their Chin ese, they do so anyway. Having to deal with this persistent linguistic co mpetition can result in language difficulties. For instance, knowing more than one language can cause speakers to name pictures more slowly and can increase tip-of-the-tongue states (where you're unable to fully conjure a word, but can remember specific de tails about it, like what letter it starts with). As a result, the constant juggling of two languages creates a need to control how much a person accesses a language at any given time. From a communicative standpoint, this is an important skill understand ing a message in one language can be difficult if your other language always interferes. Likewise, if a bilingual person frequently switches between languages when speaking, it can confuse the listener, especially if that listener knows only one of the spe aker's languages. To maintain the relative balance between two languages, the bilingual brain relies on executive functions, a regulatory system of general cognitive abilities that includes processes such as attention and inhibition.

Asteroids Essays - Planetary Science, Asteroid Belt, Asteroid, Ceres

Asteroids Essays - Planetary Science, Asteroid Belt, Asteroid, Ceres Asteroids In our solar system today there are over 30 000 asteroids flying around in all directions colliding with other asteroids and planets not caring about the destruction they might convey. Our planet Earth is caught right in the middle of all of this action and is liable to entire extinction of any life forms on the planet if a large enough asteroid crosses its path. Any one single asteroid has the possibility to erase thousands of years of history and wipeout the human race as we know it. Asteroids are large or small chunks of rock and metal flying around space up to speeds of 80 000 km/h. These chunks were believed to have formed millions of years ago during the big bang. These rocks didnt form any planets and were stuck floating around space on their own or in the gravitation of the asteroid belt. This belt is approximately 300 million miles from the Sun and it contains thousands of asteroids some being miles in diameter. Another theory of the formation of asteroids is that a planet between Mars and Jupiter once existed and after many years it exploded into thousands of pieces that are still revolving around the sun in the form of an asteroid belt. Other asteroids are formed when large meteors collide with large asteroids creating more small ones. These meteors can also collide with planets breaking off chunks of the crust into space. Ceres is believed to be the biggest asteroid that was in space at one point in time. Ceres was believed to be 600 miles wide making u p 1/3 of the total mass of all asteroids. Ceres was the first asteroid discovered and was found in 1801. There are two main types of asteroids; the first dominates the outer part of the belt and are found to be rich in carbon, the second group are located in the inside of the belt and are found to be rich in minerals. The average temperature of the surface of an asteroid is approximately -73 degrees C. Many people dont know that every year over 50 000 small asteroids called meteors hit the Earth every year. These meteors are the outside layer of larger asteroids that have been chipped off or are the surface of other planets that have detached from their positions when hit with larger asteroids. Asteroids sometimes align with Earth when meteors flying through space collide with other asteroids in the belt causing pieces to break off and head in all directions. Sometimes these pieces just happen to get aligned with Earth. However, scientists are trying to discover a way in which they can detonate a nuclear bomb close to the asteroid causing it to change rotation and therefore change its course. This is very dangerous because if the asteroid explodes it will make even more of a mess when hundreds of pieces are then on course with the Earth. Asteroids are found all over space but are most abundant in the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter. This belt holds about 2000 asteroids all of different shapes and sizes. This belt has its own gravitational pull and all of the asteroids in it revolve around the Sun. It is believed that this belt was formed when planet X exploded. Although the majority of asteroids are found in this belt and are generally stuck in its gravitational pull, they are sometimes jarred from their positions from the impact of other asteroids that are constantly floating through space. Although asteroids could destroy Earth if they come in contact with it, small meteors that hit Earth are found to be great discoveries. These small space rocks that have been chipped off of other planets such as Saturn or Mars are a great way of studying other planets surfaces without having to travel millions of miles for samples. They come to us. If it wasnt for asteroids hitting the Earth, we might not be here today. Millions of years ago when the Earth was forming it was a giant ball made of liquid molten. Over a long period of time asteroids hit the Earth at tremendous velocities causing them to join the molten and create a crust

The Story of Semele as Told by Nemesis

The Story of Semele as Told by Nemesis Semele was a daughter of Poseidons grandson, Cadmus, the King of Thebes, and Harmonia. Through Harmonia, Semele was a granddaughter of Ares and the cousin of Aphrodite, and therefore, great-granddaughter of Zeus. Do you remember the genealogy of Achilles? Zeus was his great-great-great-grandfather once and great-great-great-great-grandfather twice on Achilles fathers mothers side. Lusty Zeus even wanted to mate with Thetis, Achilles mother but was scared off when he heard that her son would eclipse his father in fame. Considering the number of times Zeus insinuated himself into the genealogies of the heroes, and the founders of the great cities, youd think he was trying single-handedly to populate Greece. Despite the fact that Zeus was (old enough to be) Semeles great-granddad, Semele, and Zeus became lovers. Hera, jealous as usual - and, as usual, with a cause - disguised herself as a mortal nurse. Working in this capacity at the Theban court of King Cadmus, Hera as nurse Beroe gained the confidence of Princess Semele. When Semele became pregnant, Hera-Beroe put an idea into her mind. You might be more familiar with another variation on the same theme: The most beautiful woman in the world, Psyche, was given as a bride to a mysterious creature (whom she did not know was the son of Aphrodite Cupid) as a punishment for detracting from the worship of the goddess Aphrodite. Life was grand even though Psyche was only allowed to visit with her husband in the cover of darkness. Psyches two jealous sisters did what they could to spoil Psyches nighttime fun. They told Psyche her husband was probably a hideous monster and that was why he didnt want her to see him. Persuaded that they might be right, Psyche disobeyed the rule set down by her divine husband. To get a clear look at him, she shone a lamp on his face, saw the most beautiful being she could have imagined, and dropped a bit of lamp oil upon him. Burned, he instantly awoke. Seeing that Psyche had distrusted and therefore disobeyed him (actually, his mother Aphrodite), he flew away. For Psyche to regain her gorgeous husband Cupid, she had to placate Aphrodite. This included making a return trip to the Underworld. Like Psyches jealous sister, the goddess who is a past-mistress of jealousy, Hera, sowed seeds of doubt and jealousy in Semele. Hera persuaded Semele that she wouldnt know if the man who was presenting himself to her as Zeus was a god unless he revealed himself to Semele in godlike form. Furthermore, Semele wouldnt know if Zeus loved her unless he made love to her in the same way he made love to his wife, Hera. Semele was young, and pregnancy can do odd things, so Semele, who probably should have known better, prevailed upon Zeus to grant her (or rather Hera-Beroes) request. Why did Zeus oblige? Was he vain enough to want to impress the young woman? Was he foolish enough to think it wouldnt hurt? Did he know he could convince anyone that he was under an obligation of honor to do as Semele requested? Did he want to be both mother and father to the unborn child? Ill let you decide. Zeus, revealing himself in his full thunder-bolting glory, killed the frail human Semele. Before her body was cold, Zeus had snatched from it the six-month unborn child and sewed it into his thigh. When the thigh-sewn child was born, he was named Dionysus. Among the Thebans, rumors - planted by Hera - persisted that Zeus had not been his father. Instead, Dionysus was the entirely mortal son of Semele and a mortal man. Dionysus dispensed with any mortal who cast aspersions on his mothers reputation by doubting that her sexual liaison had been divine - although why mating with the philandering Zeus confers honor in mortal circles is beyond me. Whats more, with the permission of Zeus, the dutiful Dionysus went to the Underworld and raised his mother Semele from the dead so that, like Psyche, she could live along with her child, among the gods.

Literature and art Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Literature and art - Essay Example Both of them are actually a representation of the creator’s thought process. They reveal their creator’s inner self for the world to see. It is interesting, however, that whereas artists do it by their selection of color, line, space and symmetry; writers do it by the selection of their plot, theme, characters and setting. It seems as if both art and literature actually have a story to tell to the world at large. Although arts demand much more imagination from the world, in that the viewers have to come up with their own explanations about a lot of things, whereas in literature, a writer normally gives almost the entire story to the reader, however, even here, the reaction of each reader is different. Based on our own life experiences and knowledge, we form our own interpretation, both after looking at a piece of art or after reading a piece of literature. Both art and literature give depth to common ideas, bringing certain nuances to our notice as well as creating room for certain new ideas. Both art and literature have been used time and again for the purpose of creating awareness among the public about certain issues as well, what is more, both of them depict emotions extremely well. They are not only a joy to behold or read, but they also cause us to pause and think about ourselves and the world. Not only do both of them bring beauty in our lives, but they also create a world of ideas where others can come and gain more insight into the world. The thing that surprised me the most about literature was, that before I always used to think that literature was only the feelings or thoughts of the writer depicted on page. I thought it was one dimensional. However, for me it was surprising to see that everyone who partakes in it comes out with his or her own understanding of the piece of writing. Whether it is poetry or fiction, the words of the writer are not limited, although they appear to be so. There are always more meanings than one that can be gleaned from literature. There is the writer’s original meaning, undoubtedly, but there are also other elements in the writing that may cause one to come to their own conclusion about it. Literature is very rich in meaning, and the fact that it can elicit such varied responses from the readers is a cause of wonder for me. I never thought of literature like that, like I said, I thought that literature was only limited to what the author had to say and nothing more. A good piece of writing is truly a joy to read, no matter what genre of literature it is, however, for me, fiction is the most appealing out of all these genres. The same events or the same story can be told in a myriad of ways in fiction to elicit different responses from the readers, or even to create to a different set of readers. I am fascinated by the richness of fiction. There is such a treasure of ideas and thoughts in fiction: the changes in a society, the ideals of enlightenment, the discussion of emotions , laying bare the ugliness and beauty of life all at the same time, there is so much that fiction has accomplished. I like the way fiction draws the reader into a woven web of a tale and then transports them into a world other than their own where they get to meet people and go places and then learn life’s lessons from them. Without fiction this could only be possible for the well-traveled amongst us, but due to literature we can learn a

Transnational IT Operations Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Transnational IT Operations - Coursework Example In addition, with the emergence of information technology particularly the Internet and e-commerce, organizations have also slowly but surely engaged in intercontinental business as these technologies have presented them wonderful tools and opportunities. The reputation of globalization is straightforwardly linked with the reputation of information and communication technology for the reason that it facilitates organizations that at one time were not capable of launching and managing business operations internationally with the prospect of competing globally. It is an admitted fact that the transnational operations can offer the businesses a number of benefits at many different stages, as well as if supervised in the approved manner, the businesses can compensate the potential challenging features that exist in this process, providing these businesses with an optimized arrangement that can change the organization into a winning business working on an international stage. There are many advantages of transnational IT operations; some of the important advantages include access to the worldwide market, elasticity, diversity, and affordable business structures. At the same time as various challenges, for instance, service levels and quality of work have usually overwhelmed worldwide businesses. In this scenario, the development of latest tools and technologies and the knowledge derived from transnational IT operations are as well very much modernizing these aspects and areas and reducing the harmful impact usually held. In this scenario, variety in the human resources also allows the businesses to gain experience and search for latest tools required to launch their products and services internationally (Marulanda, 2010; Kniaziewicz, 2008). Additionally, this diversity does not simply present an opportunity to expand customer contact by

Implementing change Essay Example for Free

Implementing change Essay Managers are entrusted with a leadership role for an organization with an aim to set out objectives and create the right environment and effective techniques to meet those objectives. There are supposed to come up with creative ideas on the change needed in the organization and how that change should be implemented with minimal difficulties while at the same time reaping maximum benefits from the change. A manager’s role and responsibility in implementing change One major step towards achieving this is of course through having a very clear sense of goals. When the management is equipped with a clear sense of goals and objectives, then it will be possible for an organization or an institution to have a new direction. The manager is important at this stage. He or she is responsible for coming up with specific objectives and determining what direction the institution is supposed to take. It is imperative that the leader or in this case the manager learn to be patient because in many cases change demands patience. As a manager, one should be well informed on his or her team so as to have a good knowledge on which members can be best used. Banutu Banutu 2003) The task of management in times of implementing change demands good communication skills. One of the manager’s main tasks is relaying ideas, mission, goals, and objectives of the institution to the subordinates. It is therefore important that the manager is skilled in communication so as to effectively hammer the point home. Good communication skills are two way. The manager should also be a good observer and listener so as to understand any information or feedback that may be coming from the team members. Managers should also act as role models to their team by for instance setting an example of sacrifice. To make the process of change easier, the manager’s behavior should provide a model for motivation. He or she should be ready to listen to team members, respect them, delegate some powers to them, and assist them. Such characters and actions go a long way in motivating the team and elevating their interest to the task at hand. Team members are not only inspired with a mission but also motivated to initiate novelty and new ways of thinking. For a change process to be successful, the manager is supposed to build trust among group members and ensure that they think and work as a unit as opposed to working as individuals. The manager should be able to nurture intimacy among members, demonstrate self confidence, integrity, and honesty. He or she should be able to connect real life personal experiences with transformational requirements or behaviors of the institution. The manager should have a strong sense of involvement with the team and its activities. This way, the influence process becomes easier and more effective. It is imperative the manager fully understands the task ahead and relays that to the subordinates. This attribute should be coupled with high level commitment to the institution. Integrity and consistency are paramount in the change process if the laid down objectives are to be realized. (Banutu Banutu 2003) Handling staff resistance to change One of the most common characteristics in the change process is resistance towards change by members of the organization. Though resistance to change is mainly viewed negatively, it can have positive outcomes too. For instance, staff resistance can lead to a functional conflict. This sought of conflict stimulates a healthy debate among members and the leadership as well. Such a debate sheds light on the various faces of change and ultimately leads to a better decision in the end. Staff resistance though could act as a major obstacle to an organization’s pursuit to achieve change and progress. If the staff is adamant to change its mindset to fit and adapt with changing times, then the organization will experience difficulties adapting and achieving progress. Managers are supposed to come up with ways to deal with staff resistance and ensure that the staff is collaborative instead of the other way round. (Kelly 1992) Communicating with staff members is a significant step in dealing with resistance. The leadership should take its time in demonstrating the logic of change to the staff and get rid of any chances of misinformation or misunderstanding. As indicated earlier, involvement of the staff in decision making is a beneficial tactic in ensuring that staff members not only implement change but also feel as being a part of it. This reduces the level of resistance, increases the change quality of the staff, and achieves commitment from the staff. The manager can also provide individuals who can handle and manage change activities or act as one. The manager or the change agents can offer facilitation and support to staff members so the idea of change and its actual implementation can be easier and more understandable. (Holton 2003) Another method through which managers can avert potential resistance is through negotiation with the staff. The management can offer the staff something like a reward in exchange of lessened resistance. The manager should however be wary of blackmail because some staff members may take advantage of this and demand rewards in any event of a change process. When ‘clean’ strategies fail or deemed unreliable to avert staff resistance, the manager can use cooptation and manipulation techniques so as to achieve his or her ends. Making facts look appealing more than they really are and hatching force rumors can get the staff to accept change and actually look forward to its implementation. The personalities leading the resistance can be bought off by the manager by offering them important positions in the change process. They are made to feel as if they engaged in opposing change but in actual sense the plan goes unhitched. The last trick on the book is the use of coercion. The manager gives direct threats to the staff members and applies direct force. Other measures include transfer of members, demotion, poor letter recommendation, or outright firing. It is important that the staff understands they are not indispensable as the change that the organization is seeking is more important than an individual career. (Bass Avolio 1994) Steps of the change process The management with the collaboration and active participation of the staff should engage themselves in assessing the organization’s goals and objectives. There should be an extensive understanding of why the organization is taking the change path and how well equipped it is to actually implement its objectives. In the event that the management feels time is not ripe for a particular change process to be initiated, then it can be shelved until the right time comes. The management should put all facts on the table and analyze them before it starts to implement them. All possible scenarios to the process should be considered. In the planning process, it is important that the manager ensures that staff members fully comprehend the plan ahead of them. It is also important that staff members are to a certain level involved in the process. The reasons for using participation, as discussed earlier, is to gain the collaboration of the staff and reduce chances of resistance. Carrying out the actual change process calls for dedication from everyone involved. Any challenges such as staff resistance should be dealt with swiftly. During the evaluation, the management should go back to the aims and objectives outlined during the planning process. External evaluators should be invited so as to avoid any chances of bias. (Banutu Banutu 2003) Conclusion Only one thing is certain in any place and that is change. Organizations, just as human beings, are in a process of change. It is up to the management to ensure that this is change is to the positive. The modern world is characterized by cutthroat competition and there is no room for being stagnant.

The Master vs. The Student: Antonioni and Coppola Essay -- Michelangel

The Master vs. The Student: Antonioni and Coppola Michelangelo Antonioni initiated a shift in Italian film in the 1950s. He kept some aspects of Italian Neorealism but then moved away into the world of the art film. With Blow-up, which was made possible by a deal MGM for a series of films in English, he takes a meandering, odd storyline and places it in trendy, ?swinging? London (Thompson & Bordwell, 426-7). He further reinforces the distance between the diegetic world of the film and the audience through precisely spacious camera techniques. ?I want to re-create reality in an abstract form. I?m really questioning the nature of reality,? Antonioni has said honestly about the film (Arrowsmith, 112). He has taken the audience-active film to a new and interesting level. Blow-up has often times been compared to Francis Ford Coppola?s The Conversation. The two films not only share a similar plot (two men, both leaders in their fields, inadvertently stumble across a murder or murder plot and must reevaluate themselves while reevaluating their creations) but Coppola uses much of the same camera techniques as Antonioni, as well. The film is not a total emulation, though; Coppola adds his own twist by taking space and contorting it, whereas Antonioni might leave it in the abstract. In examining the two aspects of space and self-evaluation, one can see that Coppola?s The Conversation does not imitate Antonioni?s Blow-up as much as it learns from it. Antonioni?s most noticeable and intriguing tool of Blow-up is the use of space within each frame. Antonioni, on the cusp of Neorealism, often times places the camera far from Thomas (the main character played by David Hemmings), letting him move about freely within the frame. ... ...as far back in the room the camera could get, it seems). All of these shots reinforce the loneliness, desperation, and isolation of these two stranded souls. All these shots lend to the two breaking down barriers within themselves to reach a better, actualized self. And, all of these shots could easily have been produced by Antonioni or Francis Coppola; perhaps there is hope for a new wave of the Antonioni-art-film style. Works Cited Arrowsmith, William. (1995). Antonioni, The Poet of Images. New York: Oxford. Brunette, Peter. (1998). The Films of Michelangelo Antonioni. Cambridge, United Kingdom: Cambridge University. Leprohon, Pierre. (1963). Michelangelo Antonioni: an Introduction. New York: Simon and Schuster. Thompson, Kristen & Bordwell, David. (2003). Film History, an Introduction. Boston: McGraw Hill. The Master vs. The Student: Antonioni and Coppola Essay -- Michelangel The Master vs. The Student: Antonioni and Coppola Michelangelo Antonioni initiated a shift in Italian film in the 1950s. He kept some aspects of Italian Neorealism but then moved away into the world of the art film. With Blow-up, which was made possible by a deal MGM for a series of films in English, he takes a meandering, odd storyline and places it in trendy, ?swinging? London (Thompson & Bordwell, 426-7). He further reinforces the distance between the diegetic world of the film and the audience through precisely spacious camera techniques. ?I want to re-create reality in an abstract form. I?m really questioning the nature of reality,? Antonioni has said honestly about the film (Arrowsmith, 112). He has taken the audience-active film to a new and interesting level. Blow-up has often times been compared to Francis Ford Coppola?s The Conversation. The two films not only share a similar plot (two men, both leaders in their fields, inadvertently stumble across a murder or murder plot and must reevaluate themselves while reevaluating their creations) but Coppola uses much of the same camera techniques as Antonioni, as well. The film is not a total emulation, though; Coppola adds his own twist by taking space and contorting it, whereas Antonioni might leave it in the abstract. In examining the two aspects of space and self-evaluation, one can see that Coppola?s The Conversation does not imitate Antonioni?s Blow-up as much as it learns from it. Antonioni?s most noticeable and intriguing tool of Blow-up is the use of space within each frame. Antonioni, on the cusp of Neorealism, often times places the camera far from Thomas (the main character played by David Hemmings), letting him move about freely within the frame. ... ...as far back in the room the camera could get, it seems). All of these shots reinforce the loneliness, desperation, and isolation of these two stranded souls. All these shots lend to the two breaking down barriers within themselves to reach a better, actualized self. And, all of these shots could easily have been produced by Antonioni or Francis Coppola; perhaps there is hope for a new wave of the Antonioni-art-film style. Works Cited Arrowsmith, William. (1995). Antonioni, The Poet of Images. New York: Oxford. Brunette, Peter. (1998). The Films of Michelangelo Antonioni. Cambridge, United Kingdom: Cambridge University. Leprohon, Pierre. (1963). Michelangelo Antonioni: an Introduction. New York: Simon and Schuster. Thompson, Kristen & Bordwell, David. (2003). Film History, an Introduction. Boston: McGraw Hill.

Maxims and Sayings, Herakleitos Essay

The â€Å"Unity of Opposites† is a very interesting piece. The concept of opposites and the balance that lies within all is the main idea. By placing these values and definitions as one in the same Herakleitos goes a step further. Although he only discusses a limited number of things and their opposites, this theory can go beyond and be forever limitless in the categorizing of opposites. It sheds light to the idea of balance and good and bad, heaven and hell, life and death. All things in this universe have an opposite and that which is living is also death and here within lies the harmony of absolute knowledge. In a way I believe Herekleitos is seeking wisdom by defining mans belief in religion and themselves. As so stated in his final verse â€Å"I inquired of myself†. One excerpt from the maxim stating, â€Å" War is father of all and king of all; and some he made gods and some men, some slaves and some free.†, shows a strong belief in warfare and accurately depicts the Mycenaean culture of the warrior class. This culture took great pride in their belief of war and strength in pillaging. They lived by the idea that to survive one must attack before being attacked. Just as in the saying by Herakleitos, â€Å"The name of the bow is life, but its work is death.†, a belief for warfare and weaponry is shown. By giving life itself to the object of the bow, the Mycenaean culture can be defined as a war mongering culture. This theory is clearly defined as well in the art piece known as â€Å"The Warrior Vase†. By depicting ancient warriors on this vase, the Mycenaean culture shows that even on a home based piece of pottery, one is reminded of the true value of warfare and strength. The men portrayed on this vase also show a high level of weaponry and defense for an ancient culture with minimal contact with Egyptians and well before roman times.

Armani

ARMANI INTRODUCTION: Giorgio Armani, 74, is the President and Chief Executive Officer of the Armani Group and sole share holder of Giorgio Armani, one of the world’s leading fashion and lifestyle design houses, with 5,000 direct employees, 13 factories, and a direct network of 500 exclusive retail stores in 46 countries worldwide. Under Mr. Armani’s direction, Giorgio Armani, today stands as one of the few remaining independent, privately-owned companies in its sector, with a proven business strategy that has capitalised on the worldwide power and potential of the Armani brand name. Born on July 11, 1934, Giorgio Armani grew up with his sister and brother in the northern Italian town of Piacenza. In 1957, following two years of study in medicine at the University of Piacenza, Giorgio Armani decided to leave in order to pursue his interest in fashion, accepting a job as a merchandiser at Milan’s well-known department store, La Rinascente. Thereafter, Mr. Armani worked as a fashion designer for Nino Cerruti, and then as a freelance designer for various companies, an experience that resulted in an exceptionally rich and varied evolution of his style. After several years of working as a freelance designer, Mr. Armani was ready to devote his energy to his own label and followed his partner Sergio Galeotti’s suggestion that they open a company together. On July 24, 1975, the two business partners founded Giorgio Armani S. p. A. and launched a men’s and women’s ready-to-wear line. There are many products under the name of Armani such as Giorgio Armani, Giorgio Armani Prive, Armani Collezioni, Emporio Armani, AJ | Armani Jeans, A/X Armani Exchange, Armani Teen, Armani Junior, Armani Baby, and Armani Casa home interiors, offering a choice of lifestyles to the marketplace. In beginning the products were sold under the name of Giorgio Armani i. e. (GA) and later on the company diversified it business in Armani Jeans, Emporio Armani. The company’s product range includes women’s and men’s Clothing, Shoes and Bags, Watches, Eyewear, Jewellery, Fragrances and Cosmetics, Home Furnishings, Cell Phones. The Armani Group now also come with the Armani Hotels and Resorts under an agreement with Emaar Properties in May 2005. Recently Armani is also sponsoring for England Football team with their sports and casual dresses which is also a part of their marketing. SWOT ANALYSIS OF ARMANI Strengths: ?Topmost brand in the fashion industry ?Range of products are sold under the brand name which has been created over the years ? Commitment to customer satisfaction and comfort. Weakness: ?Price is on the higher side which caters only to the elite class. ?They are losing customers who are price conscious and opt for the competitors products Opportunities: ?A large part of the Asian continent where Armani can penetrate into. ?Brand name created can be used to diversify into different sectors of business one of such initiative taken is to enter the hospitality industry. Threats: ?Entry barriers in certain countries have stopped Armani from entering into a potential market which can act as cash cows for the company. ?Competitors like FCUK, Christian Dior, Diesel, Gucci etc are entering the fashion market in a great way. MARKETING MIX PRODUCT: Product is anything that can be offered to market for attention, acquisition, use or consumption that can satisfy wants or needs. Armani is one of the well known brands in the world with various products under its name. Different products are sold under different name. Because of the high earnings from Clothing sector (i. e. STAR) it has become possible for them to invest capital in different sectors. The group has such high standard brand name that all products in which ever they have invested have proved Stars for them. The Company now produces not only clothes but shoes, sunglasses, under garments, other accessories etc. And recently they have also signed agreement with Emaar properties for Armani Hotels & Resorts and their 1st hotel will be available for Public from year 2009 in Dubai and almost all the rooms are booked till May 2010. The current name and fame for brand was possible only because of Giorgio Armani marketing and promotional strategy. PRICE Price is the amount money charged o the product or service or the sum of values that consumers exchange for the benefits of having or using the product or service. Armani has always catered to high class consumers who are fashion savvy. Their price range has always been on the higher side creating a niche in the fashion industry. They have not compromised on the price in their business tenure and always have been a status symbol for the consumers using them PLACE It is a network made up of the company, supplier, distributors and customers who â€Å"partner† with each other to improve the performance of the entire system. Armani has concentrated on its channel partners to sell their products. They have their stores in almost all the major shopping malls across in more than 46 countries. PROMOTION Promotional Mix is one of the activities to promote the goods in the market and attracting the customers to buy his brand products. The key functions of promotion of goods is through Advertising, Sales promotion, Visual merchandising, Public relations. Armani adopted various strategies to make his brand famous. In 1980’s there was sudden change in fashion industry. The demand for fashionable goods was high. And this was the time when this brand came into existence with various varieties of products. Armani used the reputed personalities or super stars and model to promote his goods. He made promotional schemes offers to get his products well known. Armani also arranged campaigns to promote his products and make it well known in peoples eyes. Advertising: Giorgio Armani uses the cognitive consistency approach to its advertising. The idea that things should be simple and consistent is the reasoning behind this theory. The need for Ego Gratification comes out in the advertisement – where it is directed at consumers whom have the need to go beyond a high self-worth and into the highest form of egocentrism. Additionally, the need for a Sense of Power comes through in the imagery used and the rough looking style of the product. The sense of mysteriousness can be associated with power. Armani deeply concentrated on the Advertising media for his brand promotion. He kept on giving ads in Newspapers, Television, Radio, Magazines etc. This is done to create awareness about their new range of products that are launched in the market. He used Superstars like David & Victoria Beckham, Tom Cruise have been roped in to promote his brands. Sales Promotion: Armani also used Sales promotion strategy; they gave huge discounts on their products the goods were sold at lower rates. Offers like buy 1 get 1 free. Lucky Draw system. E. g. If you buy for more than ? 200 you can meet your favourite celebrities or free trips, because of which customers were attracted more. Public Relations: Public relation is concerned with company’s various publics by obtaining favourable publicity building up a good corporate image and handling and heading off unfavourable rumours, stories and events. Giorgio Armani is going to dress the England football team. The prominent designer was picked for the job by team captain David Beckham and coach Sven-Goran Eriksson. Armani is going to create two separate outfits each – one formal, the other smart-casual – for the squad of 26. The outfits cost GBP 3,500 for each player but Armani will reportedly do it for free as he will benefit from the publicity. Direct Marketing Direct marketing is direct communications with carefully targeted individual customers to both obtain and immediate response and cultivate lasting customer relationship. Armani promotes its products online and you can even buy various products through the internet. You can buy the products from anywhere in the world and the products are delivered at your doorstep. This helps in keeping contact with their loyal consumers. Personal Selling This is the personal presentation by the firm’s sales force for the purpose of making sales and building customer relationship. Personal selling comes in form of Fashion shows to Armani where a range of their products is displayed and sold. BCG Matrix for Armani Armani falls into the STAR category of the BCG Matrix. Over a period of time Armani enjoys high growth and high market share. Being in this category they can invest their profits generated into their subsidiary business units who are the cash cows. The best example would be Armani venturing into the hospitality industry and coming up with a hotel and simply the hotel being booked till 2010. COMPETITION: Though Armani has established itself into the fashion world and other range of products sold under their brand name, there is a lot of competition coming up. French Connection, Gucci, Christian Dior are storming the market with different range of products with variety of price range. With the current economic crisis, retail outlets like Marks & Spencers, Debenhams are offering their products at a discount as never seen before. Armani will have to review their strategy, to maintain their competitive advantage over the competitors. CONCLUSION Today as Armani business is spread all over the world it is diversifying its business in different sectors also. There are many promotions made by Armani today like Seasonal goods to attract new customers and old customers in every seasonal change. Gifts for small children on purchasing of Armani Junior are specially produced for them. Variety of clothes for men’s and women’s with new latest designs. Overall the image of luxury of the brand is maintained and becomes more persuasive by using language, which promotes feelings and emotions of masculinity and mysteriousness. The colors of the advertisements already do an excellent job of keeping mystery in the minds of the readers by using black/white photos and rich, and bold colors. Reasoning from comparison is used throughout these advertisements. The message is: if you use our products or wear our clothing, you will be popular, beautiful, successful, etc. http://ezinearticles. com/? Giorgio-Armani:-A-Persuasive-Campaign&id=24792 Giorgio Armani: A Persuasive Campaign By Scott Fish

Free Essays on Perception Of Color

Color. It is to our eyes what music is to our ears. Those of us blessed with vision can barely imagine a world without color. Colors evoke feelings in the manner of non-verbal communication, and stand to represent ideas, and so, in graphic design, as in all things designed, knowledgeable and appropriate use of color is critical. Color has a profound effect on people, both as individuals and as a whole. Psychologists have long since theorized that people's preferences for color and color mixes have deep psychological affect on your mood or feeling. Many now believe that colors cannot only cause emotional reactions, but can also correct mood and well-being. Considering that color in itself is merely the human eye's perception of light, its psychological influence is incredible, from causing depression, a desire for food, to subliminally affecting consumerism. A culture's attitude toward colors is also important in developing one's identification of different hues. There are many issues of color involved in graphic design. Besides the psychological aspects of color, one must be sure that the layout is easily comprehensible, and that the palette used in background, graphics, font and content work together. And so, I will acquaint you with some of the known psychological qualities of color and how colors relate to each other. Color is the visual effect that is caused by the spectral composition of the light emitted, transmitted, or reflected by objects. It originates in light. Sunlight, as we perceive it, is colorless. In reality, a rainbow is testimony to the fact that all the colors of the spectrum are present in white light. Light goes from the source, such as the sun, to an object, (let’s say an apple), and finally to the detector which is the eye and brain. Blue is by far the most popular color - conveying peace and tranquility, harmony, trust and confidence. Blue is said to increase productivity. On the other hand, blue... Free Essays on Perception Of Color Free Essays on Perception Of Color Color. It is to our eyes what music is to our ears. Those of us blessed with vision can barely imagine a world without color. Colors evoke feelings in the manner of non-verbal communication, and stand to represent ideas, and so, in graphic design, as in all things designed, knowledgeable and appropriate use of color is critical. Color has a profound effect on people, both as individuals and as a whole. Psychologists have long since theorized that people's preferences for color and color mixes have deep psychological affect on your mood or feeling. Many now believe that colors cannot only cause emotional reactions, but can also correct mood and well-being. Considering that color in itself is merely the human eye's perception of light, its psychological influence is incredible, from causing depression, a desire for food, to subliminally affecting consumerism. A culture's attitude toward colors is also important in developing one's identification of different hues. There are many issues of color involved in graphic design. Besides the psychological aspects of color, one must be sure that the layout is easily comprehensible, and that the palette used in background, graphics, font and content work together. And so, I will acquaint you with some of the known psychological qualities of color and how colors relate to each other. Color is the visual effect that is caused by the spectral composition of the light emitted, transmitted, or reflected by objects. It originates in light. Sunlight, as we perceive it, is colorless. In reality, a rainbow is testimony to the fact that all the colors of the spectrum are present in white light. Light goes from the source, such as the sun, to an object, (let’s say an apple), and finally to the detector which is the eye and brain. Blue is by far the most popular color - conveying peace and tranquility, harmony, trust and confidence. Blue is said to increase productivity. On the other hand, blue...

Business plan for new clothing company

Business plan for new clothing company The product we are going to distribute is trendy clothing. Clothing must be fashionable so that it can influence on people and it is one of the most important things for people. Particularly, there are two types of clothing: formal and informal. However, the clothing we’re going to develop is formal clothing. Nowadays, there are a lot of brands, like as ELLE, DAPPER, ARROW and other brands, and they have already got their own customers and they are holding some part of our Myanmar market. We assure that our product is certainly produced with high quality and fashionably designed. Customers will not need to be doubtful and unfulfilled after they bought our product. The target market for our product is concentrated on gender. Besides, we will distribute the other special accessories, such as, sunglasses, purses and wallets, and fancy. Product We have investigated the cloth quality and fashionable design in our factory in Singapore. We will use cotton, which can be adjustable wi th Myanmar weather, in our clothing. Furthermore, we build the factory and some warehouses in china and the products are separated into many categories _ tops, pants, jackets and coats and others. First, we focused on ladies apparel and accessories such as shoes, bags, belts, scarves and hats. Then, we decided to expand into men wears. We are now starting to introduce our products to market in Myanmar. New trends are always available at our organization for the people who are really into fashion. Benefits We know that all the people want the excellent brand hallmark and the best standard with the best possible price. We have usually coordinated in price and quality effectively that can bring satisfaction to the customers. You can see our new collection for summer, rainy, and winter seasons. We have planned to retail and open stores in some urban areas so that consumers can easily get our goods from their surrounding shopping mall and markets. We are offering diverse categories for b oth male and female, so both of these customers can obtain their needs from one place â€Å"our brand.† And a lot of people will be delighted with our products. People who pay for our brand will get the feeling of confident, stylish, and smart. Target market We orientate the customers who want to be fabulous and gorgeous. We segment and classify the markets into demographics, geographic, psychographic and behavior. We aim at the adults and youths market _ Generation Y, Generation X and late teens. And they are our core markets. Every religion and ethnic backgrounds can wear our clothing. Our brand will suit with people who are interested in newly fashion designed clothing because we made our products beautifully. And, we have option for clothing expenditures that how much money the customers will spend on the branding product, on average. If you would choose this brand, you’ll never feel unsatisfied and insecure. You can have a delightful lifestyle. Everyone wonâ€℠¢t look down upon you when you’re wearing them. You will feel like very secure. They can bring pleasure to you.

Supply chain management article Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Supply chain management article - Essay Example The article, however, argues against these approaches, arguing that they do not help in one-off, complex environments like in construction or shipbuilding (Ullrich, 2014). The main reason provided in the article is that such projects need a combination of many divergent, largely functional products configured in an innovative and unique manner. The paper selects the example of shipbuilding to argue its case. One of the main learning points is the way in which extended supply chains and individual suppliers may be managed in a more proactive manner so that they deliver better performance in the quality of the product, the time of the cycle, responsiveness or flexibility as well as the cost (Seuring, 2013). The most recognized philosophies in supply chain management are Lean Thinking and Agile thinking (Liu, 2007). Lean thinking is in most cases associated with vendor and manufacturing managed inventory namely just-in-time (JIT) and total quality management, also known as TQM. On the other hand, agile thinking involves mass customization and flexible manufacturing (Hugos, 2003). A central preoccupation decides the most appropriate instance to adopt either one of the strategies, or combine them both into one custom strategy referred to as a ‘leagile’ strategy. While the article recognizes the contribution made by several contributors to the topic, Fisher’s contribution stands out because it offers the conceptual foundation for the building of similar supply strategy models (Cantor & Macdonald, 2009). Essentially, he argues in his contribution that the firm’s nature of product offering should determine the most appropriate supply management posture. The main issue, however, is the context in which the testing of these approaches occurs, especially in Fisher’s case (Seuring, 2013). What should be considered, according to this article, is the usefulness of the models in the generation of advice for the